Transverse (horizontal) plane – This plane divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior halves. Movement in the frontal plane takes place about the anteroposterior axis (frontal axis) must take place. F rontal (coronal) plane – This plane bisects the body laterally from side to side, dividing the body into front and back halves.For movement to occur in the sagittal plane rotation about the horizontal axis (transverse axis) must take place. Dividing it into right and left symmetrical halves. Sagittal (anteroposterior) plane – This plane is vertical and bisects the body from front to back.Similar to the planes of motion the axes of rotation may be considered as a series of imaginary lines that run through the body there are also three axes of rotation (Figure 2) where movement can occur. In the human body there are three planes of motion (Figure 1) in which the various joint movements can be classified. A plane of motion may be defined as an imaginary two-dimensional surface through which a limb or body segment is moved. When studying the various joints of the body and analyzing their movements it is helpful to characterize them according to specific planes of motion and their axes. This position is demonstrated in Figure 1 below. A subject is considered to be in the anatomical position when they are standing in an upright posture, facing straight ahead, with their feet close together and parallel and the palms of their hands facing straight ahead. Joint actions are described in relation to the anatomical position which is the universal starting position for describing movement. Anatomical movements can be defined as the act or instance of moving the bodily structures or as the change of position in one or more of the joints of the body. In order to perform a practical analysis of human movement a sound understanding of anatomical movements is necessary. Observe the chosen performer in relation to the competent performance of the 5 specific techniques for a chosen activity Wikiversity Journal of Medicine.ĭOI:10.15347/wjm/ AS, candidates are required to observe, analyse and evaluate performance. the heart is deep with respect to the rib cage.īlausen gallery 2014. the ribs are superficial with respect to the heart.ĭeep – away from the body surface or skin, e.g. Superficial – close to the surface of the body or skin, e.g. Proximal – close to the trunk or root of the limb, e.g. the little finger lies medial to the thumb.ĭistal – away from the trunk or root of the limb, e.g. Medial – towards the median plane or midline, e.g. the little toe lies lateral to the big toe. Lateral – away from the median plane or midline, e.g. Remember all definitions are based on the ANATOMICAL POSITIONĪnterior – to the front or in front, e.g. Can you notice anything about the groupings in the terms? Here is a glossary of terms to help you with your "anatomical literacy". Using correct anatomical terminology is key to successfully comprehending the language of anatomy. With the advancements in technology, we are now pushing the boundaries of the human body, not only in performance but also in our ability to observe and research factors that influence our every movement. If it were not for this early curiosity of the pioneers in the medical field, our understanding of the human body would not be where it is today. Finally, the Anatomy Act of 1832 provided for an adequate and legitimate supply of corpses for study. An increase in the instances of body-snatching and even a rise in the number of murders was observed in order to acquire the "necessary" specimens. Leonardo da Vinci, via Wikimedia CommonsĪs interest in anatomy grew so too did the demand for cadavers. He created an entire collection of anatomical drawings, the most famous of which is the "Vitruvian Man". Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian scientist, architect, sculptor, mathematician, and considered one of the greatest painters of all time, was always fascinated by the human body. Michiel van Mierevelt, via Wikimedia CommonsĮarly anatomical research was rooted in what today may seem to be somewhat barbaric practices, and yet also was reflected in pieces of incredible art. The term anatomy, is derived from the Greek word meaning "to cut up, cut open" or "to dissect".
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